Everything you need to know about Information Technology

Information technology (IT) is the process of creating, storing, transmitting, perceiving information and methods to implement these processes.

Information technology

Most people equate meaning with computer technology, because with its help, IT started to grow faster.

Despite the fact that the concept of information technology is considered identical to computing, the use of the concept of IT itself cannot be limited only to computers.

Information technology consists of components such as:

•             Applied and systemic software tools.

•             Organizational and methodological support.

•             IT hardware.

IT tools

The technology tools of information are types of computer equipment that is sought, processes and transmits information.

They are necessary to speed up and facilitate the implementation of a series of tasks.

IT tools come in three types:

1.            Computing : automated devices to collect and process information.

2.            Organizational : different types of equipment to perform technical tasks.

3.            Communication technology : laptops and desktops, smartphones, tablets and other devices.

The average person in everyday life uses only communication tools. Organizational and computing devices are designed to solve important problems by IT specialists.

Stages of information technology development

Information technology is believed to have started to develop after the advent of computers. But in fact, its history dates back to primitive times, when people shared data using cave paintings.

The main stages of development of information technology:

1. IT Manual (from ancient times to the second half of the 19th century) . The main tools of information technology at that time were a pen, a book, an inkwell.

The interaction between people took place by sending letters, and their main objective was to convey information to the recipient in such a way that he understood what they wanted to say to him.

2. Mechanical computing (from the end of the 19th century to the present) . The tools here are voice recorders, telephones, typewriters, modern mail. The purpose and methods of communication are the same, but they take place in a more convenient way.

3. Electrical computing (from the 1940s to the 1960s) . This era is characterized by the appearance of the first computers and software, electric typewriters, portable voice recorders. The emphasis of information technology shifts from forms to content.

4. Electronic computing (from the 1970s to the present) . Computers of that time were becoming perfect, automated control systems (ACS) and information retrieval systems (IPS) were being created. The emphasis is on creating meaningful information.

5. Computer science (from the 1980s to the present) . The main tool of this technology is a personal computer (PC) with a set of software to perform tasks for various purposes.

Automated control systems are customized, household appliances, communications and office equipment are automated, and local and global computer networks are being developed. Humanity is more and more involved in IT development, new professions associated with industry appear.

Information Technology Classification

Currently, there are several signs by which information technology is classified.

Among them:

•             Implementation method in AIS (automated information systems).

•             Scope of management objectives.

•             Classes of technological operations.

•             Type of user interface (everything we see on the screen of a computer, tablet, smartphone).

•             Options for using networks electronically on computer machines.

•             Subject area and others

We are going to go into more detail about most of the above signs.

Classification by IT implementation method

According to the implementation method, information systems can be divided into the following types:

1.            Traditional . It existed before computer technology became popular. His main task was to reduce the complexity of the users and help with the implementation of complex tasks.

2.            Modern . The main task is to provide effective management in real time.

Classification of management objectives

Speaking about the degree of coverage of administration tasks, several types of IT can be distinguished:

•             Electronic data processing.

•             Automation of management functions.

•             Decision support.

•             Electronic office.

•             Expert support.

Classification by type of technical operations

It is divided into types such as:

•             Work with word processors and tabular, graphic objects.

•             Database management system.

•             Hypertext and multimedia systems (in particular, computer graphics).